Green Factory and Community
Safety, occupational health, and environmental management are fundamental to sustainable operations. Thai Wah is committed to building a safety culture across all its factories to protect employees and stakeholders from potential hazards. This is achieved through regular training, safety inspections, and continuous improvement. In 2025, the Company continued to uphold the highest safety standards, ensuring 100% coverage of employees and contractors under an internationally recognized occupational health and safety management system.
Thai Wah recognizes that natural resources including raw materials, energy, and water are essential inputs in its production processes. The Company is therefore committed to managing these resources as efficiently and responsibly as possible to minimize environmental and social impacts. Its efforts range from monitoring and improving raw material intake processes to applying circular economy principles in waste management, including reducing waste volumes and creating additional value through upcycling.
Thai Wah places the utmost importance on respecting the rights of all stakeholder groups and is committed to conducting business ethically and in compliance with applicable laws. The Company continues to foster positive relationships with surrounding communities to support shared and sustainable development. With a focus on the health and well being of both employees and community members, Thai Wah remains committed to advancing social development and contributing to long term, positive, and sustainable change.
Occupational Health and Safety
The Safety Committee holds monthly meetings to review risks, identify potential hazards, and implement preventive and risk mitigation measures, including sharing data across facilities to support continuous improvement. Thai Wah promotes a proactive safety culture by integrating safety considerations into all operational processes and providing regular training and awareness programs. These initiatives strengthen employees’ ability to work safely, respond effectively to emergencies, and support timely monitoring and reporting across operations.
As a result of these safety initiatives, the Company maintained Zero Fatalities across all factories in 2025. Furthermore, the Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR) was kept below 1.0, consistently outperforming international safety benchmarks. These outcomes reflect the effectiveness of Thai Wah’s robust safety management systems, strong oversight, and active employee participation at all levels, and demonstrate the Company’s success in developing safe workplaces aligned with international occupational health and safety standards.
Establishing safety, occupational health, and environmental management policies and systems
The company establishes safety, occupational health, and environmental policies and systems, including compliance with relevant laws and standards such as the Industrial Product Standards (TIS), the Occupational Health and Safety Management System ISO 45001, and the Environmental Management System ISO 14001. These certifications demonstrate our commitment to maintaining a safe workplace. Adhering to these guidelines allows us to continuously improve our safety practices.
Managing safety and occupational health risks
To ensure the effectiveness of our Safety, Health, and Working Environment (SHE) management system, the company has established the SHE Committee. This committee includes representatives from each factory and subsidiary. Monthly meetings are held to review safety, occupational health, and working environment risks encountered during operations, identify potential risks, and implement preventive and mitigating measures. Additionally, the committee evaluates the effectiveness of regulations and makes necessary improvements. These steps are crucial for maintaining a safe and hygienic working environment in our factories. Safety, occupational health, and working environment risks are reported to the Audit, Risk Management, and Corporate Governance Committee (ARGC) on a quarterly basis.
Promoting safety behavior and environment
Regular training and integration of safety into operations and safety projects through training and awareness programs for employees and workers, achieving 100% coverage in 2024. This ensures safe working conditions and enables employees to respond to or report emergencies effectively. Proactive safety measures and timely monitoring are encouraged. To raise safety awareness and prevent hazards from machinery and tasks that employees must perform, the company focuses on building knowledge, skills, and participation in safety.
Safety Performance Indicators
| Performance of 2025 | Target | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Employees | Employees | Contractors | |
| Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR / LTR) | 0.55 | 0.47 | Zero accident by 2025 Zero fatality rate |
| Total Recordable Injury Rate (TRIR / TRIF) | 0.97 | 0.47 | |
| Fatality Rate | 0 | 0 | |
Thai Wah is committed to enhancing efficiency at every stage of the production process to achieve maximum effectiveness. This involves efficient management of personnel and resources, aligning with economic, social, and environmental priorities, and the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which are crucial for long-term success and sustainability.
Greenhouse Gas Management
The integration of effective operational approaches, the use of technology, and the adoption of renewable energy are essential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. This also includes setting ambitious targets with proactive strategies to reduce the organization’s greenhouse gas emissions, as well as raising awareness of the impacts of climate change.
Improving operational efficiency and increasing the use of renewable energy to reduce reliance on fossil fuel-based energy aim to address and contribute to managing global warming and severe climate change. Thai Wah has set a goal to achieve Net Zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 (B.E. 2593). The company manages its emissions reduction through the “3T” strategy as follows:
- Traceability: The identification of sources and measurement of greenhouse gas emissions across Scope 1, 2, and 3 is conducted consistently on an annual basis. Continuous monitoring enables us to identify emission sources and track changes in a timely manner.
- Transition: The transformation of business operations to reduce emissions from controllable sources, such as improving energy efficiency and increasing the use of renewable energy. This includes monitoring and upgrading manufacturing systems in factories, as well as developing innovations to reduce emissions in production processes.
- Transformation: The promotion of sustainable behavior and culture both within and outside the company. This includes integrating sustainability into core business strategy and understanding customers’ expectations regarding the company’s sustainability practices and goals.
Greenhouse gas emissions Performance 2025
| Performance* | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
| GHG Emission Scope 1 tCO2e | 12,913.00 | 16,489.00 | 21,632.00 |
| GHG Emission Scope 2 tCO2e | 45,384.00 | 40,193.00 | 44,062.00 |
| GHG Emission Scope 3 tCO2e | 103,334.00 | 100,924.00 | 121,836.00 |
Remark:*
- The Company’s Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 greenhouse gas emissions data have been externally verified and registered with the Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO).
- The Company plans to expand the scope of greenhouse gas verification and certification to Vietnam in 2026 and Cambodia in 2027, using a new base year defined by the Company, in accordance with TGO standards and ISO 14064-1, to cover operations in Thailand, Vietnam, and Cambodia.
- Data from the Bang Len branch is not included in the verification scope for this reporting period, as it is currently undergoing capacity expansion, which may affect data consistency. The Company plans to include this branch in the verification scope in the next reporting cycle.
Energy Management
Thai Wah aims to become a leader in sustainable energy by increasing the share of renewable energy in its production processes, including solar, biogas, and biomass, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and strengthen long-term energy security.
In 2025, the Company expanded solar installations across three main factories, increasing total capacity to 7.16 MW and enabling renewable electricity to account for 19% of total consumption. The Company also joined RE100 Thailand to support the transition toward 100% clean energy.
At the same time, Thai Wah applies a “waste-to-energy” approach by developing biogas systems for electricity and heat generation within its facilities, helping reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve resource efficiency.
In addition, the Company continues to reduce coal usage by substituting biomass such as palm kernel shells and wood chips as alternative fuels. As a result, biomass now replaces 92% of coal-based thermal energy, reflecting its commitment to environmentally friendly production and long-term Net Zero goals.
Energy Performance 2025
| Performance | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
| Energy consumption (MWh) | 337,085.00 | 326,241.00 | 361,709.00 |
| Renewable energy consumption (MWh) | 233,937.00 | 220,142.00 | 252,037.00 |
Waste and Wastewater Management
Thai Wah is committed to reducing waste throughout its production processes through Circular Economy principles and strict environmental impact control policies.
For wastewater management, the Company uses an Activated Sludge biological treatment system together with a biogas system to convert wastewater and organic residues into renewable energy. It ensures discharge compliance through monthly third-party water quality testing and performs instrument calibration twice a year to maintain accuracy and system efficiency.
In addition, the Company systematically manages all types of waste through proper segregation and safe storage in accordance with environmental regulations. It promotes the use of reusable packaging to move toward Zero Waste to Landfill, and conducts regular internal audits to prevent environmental leakage, enhance waste management standards, and support its global sustainability goals.
Water Management
Thai Wah is committed to sustainable water resource management by prioritizing water reduction, improving water efficiency, and conserving water sources across its production value chain. The Company continuously manages water-related risks, including water scarcity, water quality, water pollution, and ecosystem impacts, through ongoing monitoring, water reuse, and continuous process efficiency improvements.
The Company uses surface water in its production processes and does not use groundwater in its operations, in order to reduce impacts on underground water resources. Although the Company has set a target to reduce total water consumption by 5% in absolute terms, overall water usage has increased due to capacity expansion, particularly at the Bang Len plant, which has the highest water intensity within the Company. Nevertheless, the Company continues to improve water efficiency and implement water reduction measures across all facilities.
In addition to internal wastewater and waste management, the Company also implements environmental and ecosystem restoration initiatives, including:
- Water resource sharing for agriculture: Treated wastewater from the Mae Sot and Kalasin plants is supplied to local farmers for crop irrigation during the dry season.
- Drainage system restoration and flood prevention: Regular dredging of wastewater ponds and improvement of embankments to protect public water bodies and reduce flood impacts.
- Green space expansion around facilities: Tree-planting activities to reduce dust, mitigate storm impacts, and enhance ecological balance in surrounding communities.
Water Performance 2025
| Performance | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
| Surface water abstraction (cubic meters) | 8,018,904.00 | 7,269,416.00 | 7,324,178.00 |
Water Risk Assessment - Water Stress Ares ำ
Water risk assessment and management is a key component reflecting the Company’s commitment to sustainable business operations alongside environmental stewardship and community well-being. The Company systematically manages water resources by identifying, assessing, and mitigating potential risks associated with water use to maintain a balance between operational needs and long-term water resource conservation.
The Company applies the World Resources Institute (WRI) Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas as a tool to assess water risks in terms of quantity, quality, and water stress in its operating areas. This supports effective water management planning tailored to the specific context of each location.
The management approach covers water risk identification and assessment, preventive and mitigation measures, continuous monitoring and performance improvement, as well as the development of action plans and risk response measures. It also includes fostering collaboration and engagement with local communities to jointly promote the sustainable use and conservation of water resources in the long term.
| Site | Latitude | Longitude | Location | Baseline Water Stress (latest) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thai Wah Public Company Limited (Bangkok – Head Office) | 13.7207 | 100.5396 | Thailand | High (40-80%) |
| Thai Wah Public Company Limited (Bang Len, Nakhon Pathom) | 14.01599125 | 100.1735059 | Thailand | Extremely High (>80%) |
| Thai Wah Fuji Nihon Company Limited (Phimai, Nakhon Ratchasima) | 15.1924 | 102.50172 | Thailand | High (40-80%) |
| THAI NAM TAPIOCA COMPANY LIMITED | 17.38667 | 102.62509 | Thailand | Medium - High (20-40%) |
| Thai Wah Public Company Limited (Kalasin – Tha Khantho) | 16.87987944 | 103.266335 | Thailand | Extremely High (>80%) |
| Thai Wah Public Company Limited (Mae Sot, Tak) | 16.84786862 | 98.58796133 | Thailand | Low (<10%) |
| TAPIOCA DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED | 12.74346688 | 101.1011133 | Thailand | High (40-80%) |
